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Entry   2 mirror cavity high power experiments, posted by Xinyi Lu at Optical room about lasers and optics record_20240425.pngScreenshot_2024-04-25_4_155354-155kw.pngScreenshot_2024-04-25_1_154630-155kw.png60kW_highordermode2.jpg
    Reply   high-power experiments of 2-mirror cavity, posted by Xinyi Lu at Optical room about lasers and optics record_20240506.pngrecord20240506.xlsxScreenshot_2024-05-06_11_145855-500kW.pngScreenshot_2024-05-06_1_112931-14kW.png
       Reply   high-power experiments of 2-mirror cavity, posted by Xinyi Lu at Optical room about lasers and optics telescope_optimization_for_700kW.pdf2_Mirrors_-_216MHz_-_700kW_cavity_setup.xmlcavity_2M_dynamic_thermal_effect.m
          Reply   high-power experiments of 2-mirror cavity, posted by Xinyi Lu at Optical room about lasers and optics 6x
Message ID: 221     Entry time: Thu May 16 18:51:17 2024     In reply to: 220     Reply to this: 222
 Author: Xinyi Lu 
 Status: Fixed 
 Type: info 
 Category: lasers and optics 
 Location: Optical room 
 Title: high-power experiments of 2-mirror cavity 

here is a Matlab code to try to optimize the telescope for a hot cavity,
taking into account the thermal lens in the coupling mirror.

from that code, one can deduce using the "Gaussian Beam" software (using the attached xml file) an optimized telescope with 100% geometrical coupling @ Pcav = 700kW and absorption in the coatings = 0.6ppm

Xinyi Lu wrote:

Today, Ronic, Daniele and I redo the high-power 2-mirror cavity experiments, and the results are shown in the table (Figure 1 and Excel 2 ).

- The intracavity power ~500kW can be obtained at 47W injection, but we then have no increase or even a decrease in intracavity power when increasing the injection power, and the coupling is decreasing. It looks like the saturation power of the current device.

- We moved the telescope last week at 2A by moving the concave lens 0.5cm closer to the cavity but almost no change in intracavity power (195kW to 193kW). The telescopes for today's experiment are in the new locations from last week, and we didn't move them today.

- Figure 3 shows the locking curve at 500kW with some thermal effect changes.

- Figure 4 shows the de-lock and to-lock curves at 14kW.

- The current results may be due to two causes, the thermal lensing effect and the physical change in the mirror coating. It is possible that the transmission of the two mirrors changes with temperature.

- The next plan is to adjust the telescope at 4A to see if we can increase the intracavity power. Meanwhile, do some simulations about dynamic locking, coupling rate, and transmittance.

Xinyi Lu wrote:

Today, Ronic and I recorded some intracavity power and cavity mode size as shown in Fig. 1.

Coupling was calculated using the locking curve of this overcoupled cavity. Pr/Pi = 1-Cgeo*Cimp, Cimp = 1-|1-2T1/RTL|^2

We can see that the effective gain, coupling, and mode size decrease with increasing power. And the beam is constantly moving.

Tomorrow we will try to optimize the telescope for the high-power hot cavity.

 

 

Attachment 1: telescope_optimization_for_700kW.pdf  425 kB
Attachment 2: 2_Mirrors_-_216MHz_-_700kW_cavity_setup.xml  2 kB  | Hide | Hide all
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE gaussianBeam>
<gaussianBeam version="1.1">
    <bench id="0">
        <wavelength>1.03e-06</wavelength>
        <leftBoundary>0</leftBoundary>
        <rightBoundary>3</rightBoundary>
        <targetBeam id="0">
            <position>1.884</position>
            <waist>0.0005927</waist>
            <positionTolerance>0.1</positionTolerance>
            <waistTolerance>0.01</waistTolerance>
            <minOverlap>0.98</minOverlap>
            <overlapCriterion>0</overlapCriterion>
        </targetBeam>
        <beamFit id="0">
            <name>Fit0</name>
            <dataType>1</dataType>
            <color>4278190335</color>
            <data id="0">
                <position>0</position>
                <value>0</value>
            </data>
            <data id="1">
                <position>0</position>
                <value>0</value>
            </data>
            <data id="2">
                <position>0</position>
                <value>0</value>
            </data>
        </beamFit>
        <opticsList>
            <inputBeam id="2">
                <waist>0.0001447</waist>
                <index>1</index>
                <M2>1</M2>
                <position>0.189</position>
                <name>w0</name>
                <absoluteLock>1</absoluteLock>
            </inputBeam>
            <lens id="5">
                <focal>0.25</focal>
                <position>1</position>
                <name>L3</name>
                <absoluteLock>0</absoluteLock>
            </lens>
            <lens id="6">
                <focal>-0.15</focal>
                <position>1.25</position>
                <name>L4</name>
                <absoluteLock>0</absoluteLock>
            </lens>
            <lens id="11">
                <focal>0.457</focal>
                <position>1.979</position>
                <name>L4</name>
                <absoluteLock>1</absoluteLock>
            </lens>
            <dielectricSlab id="8">
                <indexRatio>1</indexRatio>
                <width>0.01</width>
                <position>1.979</position>
                <name>D2</name>
                <absoluteLock>1</absoluteLock>
            </dielectricSlab>
            <dielectricSlab id="7">
                <indexRatio>1</indexRatio>
                <width>0.01</width>
                <position>2.6708</position>
                <name>D1</name>
                <absoluteLock>1</absoluteLock>
            </dielectricSlab>
        </opticsList>
    </bench>
    <view id="0" bench="0">
        <horizontalRange>3</horizontalRange>
        <verticalRange>0.009999</verticalRange>
        <origin>0</origin>
        <showTargetBeam id="0">1</showTargetBeam>
    </view>
</gaussianBeam>
Attachment 3: cavity_2M_dynamic_thermal_effect.m  4 kB  | Hide | Hide all
clear
clc

c=3e8;
lambda=1030e-9;
Pin=35;
Gcav=20e3;

%% 2M-cavity geometrical setup definition
FSR=216.67e6;           % Free Spectral Range of the FP-cavity
Lrt=c/FSR;              % round trip distance in the FP-cavity
L=Lrt/2;                % distance between mirrors
iR10=0;                 % cold ROC of M1
iR20=1/2.241;           % cold ROC of M2

%% 2M-cavity thermal setup definition
A_Coating=0.6e-6;       % absorption in the coatings
% Heraeus Suprasil 3001 parameters
n_Sup3001=1.45;         % refractive index for Fused Silica
A_Sup3001=0.3e-6;       % 0.3+/-0.2 ppm/cm @ 1064nm
kappa_Sup3001=1.38;     % 1.38 W/m/K @ 20°C    / 1.46W/m/K @ 100°C
alpha_Sup3001=0.6e-6;   % 0.51ppm/K @ 0-100°C / 0.59ppm/K @ 0-300°C
beta_Sup3001=8e-6;      % cf Suprasil 3001 documentation
% Corning 7972 ULE parameters
n_ULE=1.45;             % refractive index for ULE
kappa_ULE=1.31;         % 1.31 W/m/K @ 25°C
alpha_ULE=10e-9;        % Premium grade < 10ppb/K
beta_ULE=11e-6;         % 11.24ppm/K @ 40-60°C / 10.68ppm/K @ 20-40°C

%% 2M-cavity cold mode definition
zw0=iR10*L*(1-iR20*L)/(iR10+iR20-2*L*iR10*iR20);
zr0=sqrt(L*(1-L*iR10)*(1-L*iR20)*(iR10+iR20-L*iR10*iR20))/(iR10+iR20-2*L*iR10*iR20);

% complex radius at z=0 (M1)
q0=-zw0+1i*zr0;
% beam size at z=0 (M1)
wm10=sqrt(lambda/pi/zr0)*abs(q0);
% complex radius at z=L (M2)
qL=L-zw0+1i*zr0;
% beam size at z=L (M2)
wm20=sqrt(lambda/pi/zr0)*abs(qL);

% beam profiler position
Lb=0.67;
% definition of the z-axis
Nz=1e3;
z=linspace(-zr0,L+Lb,Nz);
idm=z<=0;
idp=z>=0 & z<=L;
idb=z>=L;

%% telescope definition
% cold optimization
zwT=zw0;
zrT=zr0;
% hot optimization
zwT=-0.38;
zrT=0.155;
qT=z-zwT+1i*zrT;
wT=sqrt(lambda/pi/zrT)*abs(qT);

%% geometrical coupling definition
C0=4*zrT*zr0/((zwT-zw0)^2+(zrT+zr0)^2);

Nk=200;
Pcav=zeros(1,Nk);
C=C0*ones(1,Nk);
wm1=wm10*ones(1,Nk);
wm2=wm20*ones(1,Nk);
kt=0.05;
iR1th_f=0;
iR2th_f=0;
iR1thl_f=0;
iR2thl_f=0;

figure(1)
clf
hold on
grid on
xlabel('z position (m)')
ylabel('beam size (µm)')
plot(z(idm),wT(idm)*1e6,'r')
ylim([0 900])

for k=1:Nk

    % cavity power
    Pcav(k)=Gcav*C(k)*Pin*(k>1);
    % absorbed power in coatings
    Pa=A_Coating*Pcav(k);
    % thermal ROC for M1 and M2
    iR1th_i=-alpha_Sup3001/(2*pi*kappa_Sup3001*wm1(k)^2)*Pa;
    iR2th_i=-alpha_ULE/(2*pi*kappa_ULE*wm2(k)^2)*Pa;
    % thermal lens for M1 and M2
    iR1thl_i=beta_Sup3001/(2*pi*kappa_Sup3001*wm1(k)^2)*Pa;
    iR2thl_i=-0*beta_ULE/(2*pi*kappa_ULE*wm2(k)^2)*Pa;

    % slow thermal effect simulation
    iR1th_f=iR1th_f+kt*(iR1th_i-iR1th_f);
    iR2th_f=iR2th_f+kt*(iR2th_i-iR2th_f);
    iR1thl_f=iR1thl_f+kt*(iR1thl_i-iR1thl_f);
    iR2thl_f=iR2thl_f+kt*(iR2thl_i-iR2thl_f);

    % total ROC for M1 and M2
    iR1=iR10+iR1th_f;
    iR2=iR20+iR2th_f;
    % total ROC in tranmission for M1 and M2
    iR1t=iR10+iR1thl_f;
    iR2t=iR20+iR2thl_f;

    % cavity mode parameters
    zw=iR1*L*(1-iR2*L)/(iR1+iR2-2*L*iR1*iR2);
    zr=sqrt(L*(1-L*iR1)*(1-L*iR2)*(iR1+iR2-L*iR1*iR2))/(iR1+iR2-2*L*iR1*iR2);
    q0=-zw+1i*zr;
    qL=L-zw+1i*zr;
    q=z-zw+1i*zr;
    w=sqrt(lambda/pi/zr)*abs(q);

    % beam from telescope to cavity
    zwTA=(zwT+2*iR1t*(zrT^2+zwT^2))/(1+4*iR1t*zwT+4*iR1t^2*(zwT^2+zrT^2));
    zrTA=zrT/(1+4*iR1t*zwT+4*iR1t^2*(zwT^2+zrT^2));
    qTA=z-zwTA+1i*zrTA;
    wTA=sqrt(lambda/pi/zrTA)*abs(qTA);

    % beam after the cavity
    zwOUT=(zw+2*iR2t*(zr^2+zw^2))/(1+4*iR2t*zw+4*iR2t^2*(zw^2+zr^2));
    zrOUT=zr/(1+4*iR2t*zw+4*iR2t^2*(zw^2+zr^2));
    qOUT=z-zwOUT+1i*zrOUT;
    wOUT=sqrt(lambda/pi/zrOUT)*abs(qOUT);

    % plots
    plot(z(idp),w(idp)*1e6,'k')
    plot(z(idp),wTA(idp)*1e6,'r')
    %plot(z(idb),wOUT(idb)*1e6,'b')

    % coupling calculation
    if k<Nk
        wm1(k+1)=sqrt(lambda/pi/zr)*abs(q0);
        wm2(k+1)=sqrt(lambda/pi/zr)*abs(qL);
        C(k+1)=4*zrTA*zr/((zwTA-zw)^2+(zrTA+zr)^2);
    end

end

figure(2)
clf
plot(Pcav/1e3)
grid on
ylim([0 max(Pcav/1e3)])
ylabel('cavity power (kW)')

figure(3)
clf
plot(C)
grid on
ylim([0 1])
ylabel('coupling (A.U)')

zwT=(zw-2*iR1t*(zr^2+zw^2))/(1-4*iR1t*zw+4*iR1t^2*(zw^2+zr^2));
zrT=zr/(1-4*iR1t*zw+4*iR1t^2*(zw^2+zr^2));

disp(['waist position for telescope from hot cavity  : ' num2str(zwT) ' m'])
disp(['Rayleigh length for telescope from hot cavity : ' num2str(zrT) ' m'])
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